Iranian architects' smart utilization of a natural threat i.e. Strong and annoying winds and rendering it to an exceptional opportunity for the production of a strategic product like bread is not short of a miracle.Īs a result of abundant and free of charge energy of wind in parts of the eastern region of Iran, one can see 40 windmills built side by side without any worry that energy may one day run out. During the 120 days winds period, winds pass through the wind catcher openings and rotate the wheels and vanes, the heavy weight of the milling machinery and wheel is exerted on the axis and rotates the millstones.
The windmills are designed in such a way that winds encounter no obstacle to reach them, as a result of this concern, windmills are built on high elevations. To make the optimal use of the wind, all the uniform windmills of a village or town used to be concentrated at a single location on the highest spot of that area. Another reason for this strategy related to the fact that since all the windmills were built as a complex plant in a single area which sometimes stretched over an area of 1 km wide, it acted as a barrier against the annoying storms for the nearby villages / towns. Therefore, it served two useful functions: grinding grain and protecting the village / town against storms.
The two story windmills designed horizontally had vertical axis and the wood, mud and brick were the main construction materials.
Historical Overview: Man's use of wind goes back to 3000 years ago.
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